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  The artificial heart-lung machine is a bit larger, with a few more drainage tubes and blood reservoirs, which can help doctors fully drain the blood from the left atrium of the patient during surgery. ECMO does not have this thing, which will cause the patient\'s left heart pressure to increase, and problems such as left ventricular expansion will occur.

  ECMO also has its advantages, it is a one-way closed circulation, with less drainage tubes, which can reduce the contact between gas and blood. Since heparin must be used in cardiopulmonary bypass, the amount of heparin used is guided by the activated clotting time ACT. ECMO is shorter than the ACT required by the artificial heart-lung machine, and the amount of heparin used is small. It is safer not to use it as a rescue for critically ill patients during surgery.

   It is now in surgery, using an artificial heart-lung machine. For artificial heart-lung machines, there are bubble oxygenators and membrane oxygenators. The membrane oxygenator was invented late. Compared with the bubble type, it has less damage to the blood, and the overall use effect is much better than that of the bubble type oxygenator. In some hospitals, the bubble type purchased in the early years can be used without throwing it away. There are not many newly purchased membrane-type machines that are not enough for patients. In the end, it must be the bubbling type that is used on patients in more cases at this stage. Can only wait for the gradual elimination of backward machines. This process is the same as the factory update equipment, there needs to be a process.

  Guozhi is better, the membrane type is more than the bubble type. Today\'s patients use the membrane type during surgery.

   When the teacher was operating, Xie Wanying was learning and observing. Mr. Pang occasionally said two sentences. As a clinical teacher, he may have few words, but the sentences are the main points and need to be engraved in the students\' hearts.

  According to Mr. Pang, the patient should do general anesthesia and one-lung ventilation first. During this anesthesia procedure, the anesthesiologist can be seen inserting an esophageal ultrasound probe into the patient. It can be seen that Guozhi, a specialized hospital, seems to have a little try to apply the esophageal ultrasound probe in extracardiac thoracoscopic surgery.

   In the control room, a group of cardiovascular people from the National Association looked at this scene and thought that their department was still using this thing to assist in surgery. The reason why Fu Xinheng quickly accepted Xie\'s opinion that time was because the application of esophageal ultrasound in surgical operations had been reported in the medical community in China and abroad, but it was an attempt and not widely promoted. If domestic doctors use it, they must take it step by step before large-scale application. Starting from ordinary cases, there is nothing wrong with being cautious.

   Again, where is Xie used? For non-cardiac surgery, such a thing has not been reported in foreign literature. Therefore, all the surgeons at the exchange meeting were stunned.

   seems to remember this matter, Zhang Huayao\'s fingers pinched on his chin again. On the day of the exchange meeting, he sneaked to the scene after receiving the news, and when he arrived, he happened to see the surgery scene that shocked everyone. For this reason, he looked at the surprised expression of his old mother, Teacher Lu, and was as surprised as he was.

  When did a doctor in China make surgery so avant-garde? As a heart surgeon, he understands the use of this stuff in surgery better than anyone else.

  Esophageal ultrasound is currently only used outside the heart in surgical operations. How can Xie use it outside the liver and gallbladder? It is simply wonderful.

   (end of this chapter)