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   This situation once again tests the extent to which a doctor can touch a patient\'s brain.

   "I think you are confused about where exactly this place is located. Having said so much, it is difficult to imagine without an actual reference." Xie Wanying said.

  Lin Jiayin nodded: "Yes. Doctor Xie, where is it? Do you mean the bottom of the brain when you say the bottom?"

   "It\'s the bottom, the bottom of the cup." Xie Wanying picked up a cup on the table and pointed to the bottom to show the patient, emphasizing that the other party heard it right.

  The patient\'s expression then showed distress again: "The bottom is at the bottom of my head, isn\'t it at the chin?"

   Sure enough, this is the understanding of ordinary people. The bottom of the head is the chin.

   The bottom of the skull is definitely not where the chin is. The chin is the lower part of the mouth. We know that the mouth continues to be the throat, esophagus and trachea, which has nothing to do with brain tissue.

"When we touch the back of the head, it is the occipital bone. The front point of the occipital bone is the two temporal bones, and the temporal bone is connected to the sphenoid bone in the middle. The mouth is the mandible, and it connects to the temporal bone with the famous temporomandibular joint. Look at the height of the mandible. It is almost to the ear. Therefore, the sphenoid bone is more precise. The horizontal line of the sphenoid bone in the middle is not close to the chin. It must be lifted up closer to the nose. There is an important structural point in the sphenoid bone called the sphenoid sinus. communicates with the nasal cavity."

   After a doctor made a comparison and explanation with specific and intuitive reference objects, the non-medical people at the scene suddenly became enlightened. Usually, the layman\'s understanding that most of the horizontal line of the brain goes to the chin is wrong. In fact, if you touch the back of a person\'s head, you can know that if the back of the head is inclined upward, it is doomed that most of the brain tissue cannot reach the lower part, that is, the cerebral hemisphere cannot be reached.

  The brain and the nose are connected, so it is not too difficult to understand.

  Because of the traumatic brain injury patients we mentioned before, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea was leaking. If you think that cerebrospinal fluid usually does not flow out from other places but only flows out of the nasal cavity, there must be some human mystery here. Now the answer is revealed, it is due to the sphenoid sinus.

  The sphenoid sinus is a cavity that communicates with the nose. The sphenoid bone is the brain inside the skull, and the sphenoid sinus naturally becomes the natural window for the brain to communicate with the nose.

On the other hand, there is a natural opening like the sphenoid sinus through the nose that leads to the outside world. The doctor seems to have a natural opening in front of the doctor. There is a hole that can be drilled. Through this opening, you can directly contact the brain that is tightly wrapped by the skull without opening the skull. .

  The opening of the sphenoid sinus is very small, and the doctor cannot enter it with bare hands. It is located further down the nose, beyond the doctor\'s eye. Doctors can only use special surgical instruments to drill through this small hole.

   This surgical method sounds familiar, yes, we can quickly think of other parts of the human body that have similar surgical principles and methods, such as gastroscopic surgery such as colonoscopy. This type of surgery uses the natural opening of the human body to contact the inside of the human body without using a scalpel to open the human body.

   The instruments used in gastroscopic surgery are called gastroscopes, the instruments used in colonoscopy operations are called colonoscopes, and so on, the instruments used for surgery through the nose are called nasal endoscopes.

   From the above, we can know that nasal endoscope can perform nose surgery and brain surgery.

   (end of this chapter)